این مطلب در دو بخش نوشته شده است. بخش اول در اینجا
virt-copy-out: فایل و دایرکتوری‌های داخل ماشین مجازی را به بیرون از ماشین کپی می‌کند.
#virt-copy-out -d name /home/ /home/back_up #virt-copy-out -a image.vm /home/ /home/back_up
virt-df: فضای خالی ماشین مجازی را نشان می‌دهد.
#virt-df domname #virt-df [--options] -d domname #virt-df [--options] -a disk.img
مثالی از عملکرد برنامه:
#virt-df -a vm Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% vm:/dev/sda1 330215 119878 193288 37% vm:/dev/sda5 2879612 361160 2372176 13% vm:/dev/sda6 1412048 93520 1246800 7% vm:/dev/sda8 238986 6175 220472 3% vm:/dev/sda9 2913876 69964 2695896 3%
virt-v2v: ماشین‌های مجازی Xen و یا VMware را به KVM تبدیل می‌کند.
virt-p2v: اطلاعات یک سیستم فیزیکی را برای اجرا بروی KVM تبدیل می‌کند.
guestmount: فایل سیستم ماشین مجازی مهمان را در سیستم میزبان مونت می‌کند. با توجه به اینکه یک ایمیج ممکن است شامل چند پارتیشن باشد با پارامتر -m پارتیشنی که می‌خواهیم مونت کنیم را مشخص می‌کنیم. همچنین با استفاده از پارامتر -i به صورت خودکار پارتیشن‌ها شناسایی شده و مونت می‌شوند.
#guestmount [--options] -a disk.img -m device [--ro] mountpoint #guestmount [--options] -a disk.img -i [--ro] mountpoint #guestmount [--options] -d name -i [--ro] mountpoint
چند مثال:
پارتیشن روت را از مسیر /dev/VG/LV و پارتیشن /boot را از مسیر /dev/sda1 در دایرکتوری /mnt مونت می‌کنیم.
#guestmount -a linux.img -m /dev/VG/LV -m /dev/sda1:/boot --ro /mnt
همه پارتیشن‌های ایمیج guest به صورت خودکار شناسایی و در /mnt مونت می‌شوند.
#guestmount -a guest.img -i --ro /mnt
برای از حالت مونت خارج کردن پارتیشن‌ها از دستور guestunmount به صورت زیر استفاده می‌کنیم.
#guestunmount /mnt
نکته: نوشتن در ماشین مجازی که روشن است ممکن است باعث خراب شدن و از دست رفتن اطلاعات شود. بنابراین بهتر است در هنگام مونت کردن ماشین مجازی که روشن است فایل سیستم را با پارامتر –ro بصورت فقط خواندنی مونت کنیم.
virt-filesystems: فایل سیستم‌ها و پارتینش‌های موجود در یک ماشین مجازی را لیست می‌کند.
#virt-filesystems [--options] -d domname #virt-filesystems [--options] -a disk.img
مثال:
#virt-filesystems -a vm.img /dev/sda1 /dev/sda5 /dev/sda6 /dev/sda8 /dev/sda9
virt-resize: با این ابزار می‌توانیم یک ایمیج و یا دیسک ماشین مجازی را کوچک و یا بزرگ کنیم.
#virt-resize [--resize /dev/sdaN=[+/-]<size>[%]] [--expand /dev/sdaN] [--shrink /dev/sdaN] [--ignore /dev/sdaN] [--delete /dev/sdaN] [...] indisk outdisk
virt-win-reg: با استفاده از این دستور می‌توانیم رجیستری ویندوز در ماشین مجازی را ویرایش کنیم.
#virt-win-reg domname 'HKLM\Path\To\Subkey' #virt-win-reg domname 'HKLM\Path\To\Subkey' name #virt-win-reg domname 'HKLM\Path\To\Subkey' @ #virt-win-reg --merge domname [input.reg ...] #virt-win-reg [--options] disk.img ... # instead of domname
guestfish:
یک ابزار خط فرمانی و شل است که با استفاده از توابع کتاب‌خانه‌ای و API های libguestfs فایل‌سیستم ماشین‌مجازی را بررسی و ویرایش می‌کند.
#guestfish
برای استفاده از guestfish کافی است دستور را در ماشین مهمان وارد کنیم و دستورات با به صورت ویزارد وارد کنیم.
#guestfish
Welcome to guestfish, the libguestfs filesystem interactive shell for
editing virtual machine filesystems.
Type: 'help' for help on commands
'man' to read the manual
'quit' to quit the shell
><fs>
بعد از ورود به شل guestfish می‌توانیم دستورات را وارد کنیم. بع عنوان مثال با add-ro disk.img یک ایمیج را به صورت فقط خواندنی اضافه می‌کنیم.
><fs> add-ro vm.img ><fs> run ><fs> mount /dev/vda1 / ><fs> ls /root .aptitude .bashrc .profile ><fs> exit
در حال حاظر guestfish ۵۰۲ دستور متفاوت را پشتیبانی می‌کند. لیست این دستورات را در لینک زیر مشاهده می‌کنید.
Command Description
help display a list of commands or help on a command
quit quit guestfish
acl-delete-def-file delete the default POSIX ACL of a directory
acl-get-file get the POSIX ACL attached to a file
acl-set-file set the POSIX ACL attached to a file
add-cdrom add a CD-ROM disc image to examine
add-domain add the disc(s) from a named libvirt domain
add-drive add an image to examine or modify
add-drive-ro add a drive in snapshot mode (read-only)
add-drive-ro-with-if add a drive read-only specifying the QEMU block emulation to use
add-drive-with-if add a drive specifying the QEMU block emulation to use
alloc allocate and add a disc file
aug-clear clear Augeas path
aug-close close the current Augeas handle
aug-defnode define an Augeas node
aug-defvar define an Augeas variable
aug-get look up the value of an Augeas path
aug-init create a new Augeas handle
aug-insert insert a sibling Augeas node
aug-load load files into the tree
aug-ls list Augeas nodes under augpath
aug-match return Augeas nodes which match augpath
aug-mv move Augeas node
aug-rm remove an Augeas path
aug-save write all pending Augeas changes to disk
aug-set set Augeas path to value
available test availability of some parts of the API
available-all-groups return a list of all optional groups
base64-in upload base64-encoded data to file
base64-out download file and encode as base64
blkid print block device attributes
blockdev-flushbufs flush device buffers
blockdev-getbsz get blocksize of block device
blockdev-getro is block device set to read-only
blockdev-getsize64 get total size of device in bytes
blockdev-getss get sectorsize of block device
blockdev-getsz get total size of device in 512-byte sectors
blockdev-rereadpt reread partition table
blockdev-setbsz set blocksize of block device
blockdev-setro set block device to read-only
blockdev-setrw set block device to read-write
btrfs-device-add add devices to a btrfs filesystem
btrfs-device-delete remove devices from a btrfs filesystem
btrfs-filesystem-balance balance a btrfs filesystem
btrfs-filesystem-resize resize a btrfs filesystem
btrfs-filesystem-sync sync a btrfs filesystem
btrfs-fsck check a btrfs filesystem
btrfs-set-seeding enable or disable the seeding feature of device
btrfs-subvolume-create create a btrfs snapshot
btrfs-subvolume-delete delete a btrfs snapshot
btrfs-subvolume-list list btrfs snapshots and subvolumes
btrfs-subvolume-set-default set default btrfs subvolume
btrfs-subvolume-snapshot create a writable btrfs snapshot
canonical-device-name return canonical device name
cap-get-file get the Linux capabilities attached to a file
cap-set-file set the Linux capabilities attached to a file
case-sensitive-path return true path on case-insensitive filesystem
cat list the contents of a file
checksum compute MD5, SHAx or CRC checksum of file
checksum-device compute MD5, SHAx or CRC checksum of the contents of a device
checksums-out compute MD5, SHAx or CRC checksum of files in a directory
chmod change file mode
chown change file owner and group
command run a command from the guest filesystem
command-lines run a command, returning lines
compress-device-out output compressed device
compress-out output compressed file
config add qemu parameters
copy-device-to-device copy from source device to destination device
copy-device-to-file copy from source device to destination file
copy-file-to-device copy from source file to destination device
copy-file-to-file copy from source file to destination file
copy-in copy local files or directories into an image
copy-out copy remote files or directories out of an image
copy-size copy size bytes from source to destination using dd
cp copy a file
cp-a copy a file or directory recursively
dd copy from source to destination using dd
debug debugging and internals
debug-drives debug the drives (internal use only)
debug-upload upload a file to the appliance (internal use only)
delete-event delete a previously registered event handler
device-index convert device to index
df report file system disk space usage
df-h report file system disk space usage (human readable)
disk-format detect the disk format of a disk image
disk-has-backing-file return whether disk has a backing file
disk-virtual-size return virtual size of a disk
display display an image
dmesg return kernel messages
download download a file to the local machine
download-offset download a file to the local machine with offset and size
drop-caches drop kernel page cache, dentries and inodes
du estimate file space usage
e2fsck check an ext2/ext3 filesystem
e2fsck-f check an ext2/ext3 filesystem
echo display a line of text
echo-daemon echo arguments back to the client
edit edit a file
egrep return lines matching a pattern
egrepi return lines matching a pattern
equal test if two files have equal contents
event register a handler for an event or events
exists test if file or directory exists
fallocate preallocate a file in the guest filesystem
fallocate64 preallocate a file in the guest filesystem
fgrep return lines matching a pattern
fgrepi return lines matching a pattern
file determine file type
file-architecture detect the architecture of a binary file
filesize return the size of the file in bytes
filesystem-available check if filesystem is available
fill fill a file with octets
fill-dir fill a directory with empty files
fill-pattern fill a file with a repeating pattern of bytes
find find all files and directories
find0 find all files and directories, returning NUL-separated list
findfs-label find a filesystem by label
findfs-uuid find a filesystem by UUID
fsck run the filesystem checker
fstrim trim free space in a filesystem
get-append get the additional kernel options
get-attach-method get the attach method
get-autosync get autosync mode
get-cachedir get the appliance cache directory
get-direct get direct appliance mode flag
get-e2attrs get ext2 file attributes of a file
get-e2generation get ext2 file generation of a file
get-e2label get the ext2/3/4 filesystem label
get-e2uuid get the ext2/3/4 filesystem UUID
get-libvirt-requested-credential-challenge challenge of i'th requested credential
get-libvirt-requested-credential-defresult default result of i'th requested credential
get-libvirt-requested-credential-prompt prompt of i'th requested credential
get-libvirt-requested-credentials get list of credentials requested by libvirt
get-memsize get memory allocated to the qemu subprocess
get-network get enable network flag
get-path get the search path
get-pgroup get process group flag
get-pid get PID of qemu subprocess
get-qemu get the qemu binary
get-recovery-proc get recovery process enabled flag
get-selinux get SELinux enabled flag
get-smp get number of virtual CPUs in appliance
get-tmpdir get the temporary directory
get-trace get command trace enabled flag
get-umask get the current umask
get-verbose get verbose mode
getcon get SELinux security context
getxattr get a single extended attribute
getxattrs list extended attributes of a file or directory
glob expand wildcards in command
glob-expand expand a wildcard path
grep return lines matching a pattern
grepi return lines matching a pattern
grub-install install GRUB 1
head return first 10 lines of a file
head-n return first N lines of a file
hexdump dump a file in hexadecimal
hexedit edit with a hex editor
hivex-close close the current hivex handle
hivex-commit commit (write) changes back to the hive
hivex-node-add-child add a child node
hivex-node-children return list of nodes which are subkeys of node
hivex-node-delete-child delete a node (recursively)
hivex-node-get-child return the named child of node
hivex-node-get-value return the named value
hivex-node-name return the name of the node
hivex-node-parent return the parent of node
hivex-node-set-value set or replace a single value in a node
hivex-node-values return list of values attached to node
hivex-open open a Windows Registry hive file
hivex-root return the root node of the hive
hivex-value-key return the key field from the (key, datatype, data) tuple
hivex-value-type return the data type from the (key, datatype, data) tuple
hivex-value-utf8 return the data field from the (key, datatype, data) tuple
hivex-value-value return the data field from the (key, datatype, data) tuple
initrd-cat list the contents of a single file in an initrd
initrd-list list files in an initrd
inotify-add-watch add an inotify watch
inotify-close close the inotify handle
inotify-files return list of watched files that had events
inotify-init create an inotify handle
inotify-read return list of inotify events
inotify-rm-watch remove an inotify watch
inspect-get-arch get architecture of inspected operating system
inspect-get-distro get distro of inspected operating system
inspect-get-drive-mappings get drive letter mappings
inspect-get-filesystems get filesystems associated with inspected operating system
inspect-get-format get format of inspected operating system
inspect-get-hostname get hostname of the operating system
inspect-get-icon get the icon corresponding to this operating system
inspect-get-major-version get major version of inspected operating system
inspect-get-minor-version get minor version of inspected operating system
inspect-get-mountpoints get mountpoints of inspected operating system
inspect-get-package-format get package format used by the operating system
inspect-get-package-management get package management tool used by the operating system
inspect-get-product-name get product name of inspected operating system
inspect-get-product-variant get product variant of inspected operating system
inspect-get-roots return list of operating systems found by last inspection
inspect-get-type get type of inspected operating system
inspect-get-windows-current-control-set get Windows CurrentControlSet of inspected operating system
inspect-get-windows-systemroot get Windows systemroot of inspected operating system
inspect-is-live get live flag for install disk
inspect-is-multipart get multipart flag for install disk
inspect-is-netinst get netinst (network installer) flag for install disk
inspect-list-applications get list of applications installed in the operating system
inspect-list-applications2 get list of applications installed in the operating system
inspect-os inspect disk and return list of operating systems found
is-blockdev test if block device
is-chardev test if character device
is-config is in configuration state
is-dir test if a directory
is-fifo test if FIFO (named pipe)
is-file test if a regular file
is-lv test if device is a logical volume
is-socket test if socket
is-symlink test if symbolic link
is-whole-device test if a device is a whole device
is-zero test if a file contains all zero bytes
is-zero-device test if a device contains all zero bytes
isoinfo get ISO information from primary volume descriptor of ISO file
isoinfo-device get ISO information from primary volume descriptor of device
kill-subprocess kill the qemu subprocess
launch launch the qemu subprocess
lcd change working directory
lchown change file owner and group
ldmtool-create-all scan and create Windows dynamic disk volumes
ldmtool-diskgroup-disks return the disks in a Windows dynamic disk group
ldmtool-diskgroup-name return the name of a Windows dynamic disk group
ldmtool-diskgroup-volumes return the volumes in a Windows dynamic disk group
ldmtool-remove-all remove all Windows dynamic disk volumes
ldmtool-scan scan for Windows dynamic disks
ldmtool-scan-devices scan for Windows dynamic disks
ldmtool-volume-hint return the hint field of a Windows dynamic disk volume
ldmtool-volume-partitions return the partitions in a Windows dynamic disk volume
ldmtool-volume-type return the type of a Windows dynamic disk volume
lgetxattr get a single extended attribute
lgetxattrs list extended attributes of a file or directory
list-9p list 9p filesystems
list-devices list the block devices
list-disk-labels mapping of disk labels to devices
list-dm-devices list device mapper devices
list-events list event handlers
list-filesystems list filesystems
list-ldm-partitions list all Windows dynamic disk partitions
list-ldm-volumes list all Windows dynamic disk volumes
list-md-devices list Linux md (RAID) devices
list-partitions list the partitions
ll list the files in a directory (long format)
llz list the files in a directory (long format with SELinux contexts)
ln create a hard link
ln-f create a hard link
ln-s create a symbolic link
ln-sf create a symbolic link
lremovexattr remove extended attribute of a file or directory
ls list the files in a directory
ls0 get list of files in a directory
lsetxattr set extended attribute of a file or directory
lstat get file information for a symbolic link
lstatlist lstat on multiple files
luks-add-key add a key on a LUKS encrypted device
luks-close close a LUKS device
luks-format format a block device as a LUKS encrypted device
luks-format-cipher format a block device as a LUKS encrypted device
luks-kill-slot remove a key from a LUKS encrypted device
luks-open open a LUKS-encrypted block device
luks-open-ro open a LUKS-encrypted block device read-only
lvcreate create an LVM logical volume
lvcreate-free create an LVM logical volume in % remaining free space
lvm-canonical-lv-name get canonical name of an LV
lvm-clear-filter clear LVM device filter
lvm-remove-all remove all LVM LVs, VGs and PVs
lvm-set-filter set LVM device filter
lvremove remove an LVM logical volume
lvrename rename an LVM logical volume
lvresize resize an LVM logical volume
lvresize-free expand an LV to fill free space
lvs list the LVM logical volumes (LVs)
lvs-full list the LVM logical volumes (LVs)
lvuuid get the UUID of a logical volume
lxattrlist lgetxattr on multiple files
man open the manual
max-disks maximum number of disks that may be added
md-create create a Linux md (RAID) device
md-detail obtain metadata for an MD device
md-stat get underlying devices from an MD device
md-stop stop a Linux md (RAID) device
mkdir create a directory
mkdir-mode create a directory with a particular mode
mkdir-p create a directory and parents
mkdtemp create a temporary directory
mke2fs create an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem on device
mke2fs-J make ext2/3/4 filesystem with external journal
mke2fs-JL make ext2/3/4 filesystem with external journal
mke2fs-JU make ext2/3/4 filesystem with external journal
mke2journal make ext2/3/4 external journal
mke2journal-L make ext2/3/4 external journal with label
mke2journal-U make ext2/3/4 external journal with UUID
mkfifo make FIFO (named pipe)
mkfs make a filesystem
mkfs-b make a filesystem with block size
mkfs-btrfs create a btrfs filesystem
mklost-and-found make lost+found directory on an ext2/3/4 filesystem
mkmountpoint create a mountpoint
mknod make block, character or FIFO devices
mknod-b make block device node
mknod-c make char device node
mkswap create a swap partition
mkswap-L create a swap partition with a label
mkswap-U create a swap partition with an explicit UUID
mkswap-file create a swap file
mktemp create a temporary file
modprobe load a kernel module
more view a file
mount mount a guest disk at a position in the filesystem
mount-9p mount 9p filesystem
mount-local mount on the local filesystem
mount-local-run run main loop of mount on the local filesystem
mount-loop mount a file using the loop device
mount-options mount a guest disk with mount options
mount-ro mount a guest disk, read-only
mount-vfs mount a guest disk with mount options and vfstype
mountpoints show mountpoints
mounts show mounted filesystems
mv move a file
nr-devices return number of whole block devices (disks) added
ntfs-3g-probe probe NTFS volume
ntfsclone-in restore NTFS from backup file
ntfsclone-out save NTFS to backup file
ntfsfix fix common errors and force Windows to check NTFS
ntfsresize resize an NTFS filesystem
ntfsresize-size resize an NTFS filesystem (with size)
parse-environment parse the environment and set handle flags accordingly
parse-environment-list parse the environment and set handle flags accordingly
part-add add a partition to the device
part-del delete a partition
part-disk partition whole disk with a single primary partition
part-get-bootable return true if a partition is bootable
part-get-gpt-type get the type GUID of a GPT partition
part-get-mbr-id get the MBR type byte (ID byte) from a partition
part-get-parttype get the partition table type
part-init create an empty partition table
part-list list partitions on a device
part-set-bootable make a partition bootable
part-set-gpt-type set the type GUID of a GPT partition
part-set-mbr-id set the MBR type byte (ID byte) of a partition
part-set-name set partition name
part-to-dev convert partition name to device name
part-to-partnum convert partition name to partition number
ping-daemon ping the guest daemon
pread read part of a file
pread-device read part of a device
pvchange-uuid generate a new random UUID for a physical volume
pvchange-uuid-all generate new random UUIDs for all physical volumes
pvcreate create an LVM physical volume
pvremove remove an LVM physical volume
pvresize resize an LVM physical volume
pvresize-size resize an LVM physical volume (with size)
pvs list the LVM physical volumes (PVs)
pvs-full list the LVM physical volumes (PVs)
pvuuid get the UUID of a physical volume
pwrite write to part of a file
pwrite-device write to part of a device
read-file read a file
read-lines read file as lines
readdir read directories entries
readlink read the target of a symbolic link
readlinklist readlink on multiple files
realpath canonicalized absolute pathname
remove-drive remove a disk image
removexattr remove extended attribute of a file or directory
rename rename a file on the same filesystem
reopen close and reopen libguestfs handle
resize2fs resize an ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem
resize2fs-M resize an ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem to the minimum size
resize2fs-size resize an ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem (with size)
rm remove a file
rm-f remove a file ignoring errors
rm-rf remove a file or directory recursively
rmdir remove a directory
rmmountpoint remove a mountpoint
rsync synchronize the contents of two directories
rsync-in synchronize host or remote filesystem with filesystem
rsync-out synchronize filesystem with host or remote filesystem
scrub-device scrub (securely wipe) a device
scrub-file scrub (securely wipe) a file
scrub-freespace scrub (securely wipe) free space
set-append add options to kernel command line
set-attach-method set the attach method
set-autosync set autosync mode
set-cachedir set the appliance cache directory
set-direct enable or disable direct appliance mode
set-e2attrs set ext2 file attributes of a file
set-e2generation set ext2 file generation of a file
set-e2label set the ext2/3/4 filesystem label
set-e2uuid set the ext2/3/4 filesystem UUID
set-label set filesystem label
set-libvirt-requested-credential pass requested credential back to libvirt
set-libvirt-supported-credentials set libvirt credentials supported by calling program
set-memsize set memory allocated to the qemu subprocess
set-network set enable network flag
set-path set the search path
set-pgroup set process group flag
set-qemu set the qemu binary
set-recovery-proc enable or disable the recovery process
set-selinux set SELinux enabled or disabled at appliance boot
set-smp set number of virtual CPUs in appliance
set-tmpdir set the temporary directory
set-trace enable or disable command traces
set-verbose set verbose mode
setcon set SELinux security context
setenv set an environment variable
setxattr set extended attribute of a file or directory
sfdisk create partitions on a block device
sfdiskM create partitions on a block device
sfdisk-N modify a single partition on a block device
sfdisk-disk-geometry display the disk geometry from the partition table
sfdisk-kernel-geometry display the kernel geometry
sfdisk-l display the partition table
sh run a command via the shell
sh-lines run a command via the shell returning lines
shutdown shutdown the qemu subprocess
sleep sleep for some seconds
sparse create a sparse disk image and add
stat get file information
statvfs get file system statistics
strings print the printable strings in a file
strings-e print the printable strings in a file
supported list supported groups of commands
swapoff-device disable swap on device
swapoff-file disable swap on file
swapoff-label disable swap on labeled swap partition
swapoff-uuid disable swap on swap partition by UUID
swapon-device enable swap on device
swapon-file enable swap on file
swapon-label enable swap on labeled swap partition
swapon-uuid enable swap on swap partition by UUID
sync sync disks, writes are flushed through to the disk image
tail return last 10 lines of a file
tail-n return last N lines of a file
tar-in unpack tarfile to directory
tar-out pack directory into tarfile
tgz-in unpack compressed tarball to directory
tgz-out pack directory into compressed tarball
time print elapsed time taken to run a command
touch update file timestamps or create a new file
truncate truncate a file to zero size
truncate-size truncate a file to a particular size
tune2fs adjust ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem parameters
tune2fs-l get ext2/ext3/ext4 superblock details
txz-in unpack compressed tarball to directory
txz-out pack directory into compressed tarball
umask set file mode creation mask (umask)
umount unmount a filesystem
umount-all unmount all filesystems
umount-local unmount a locally mounted filesystem
unsetenv unset an environment variable
upload upload a file from the local machine
upload-offset upload a file from the local machine with offset
user-cancel cancel the current upload or download operation
utimens set timestamp of a file with nanosecond precision
utsname appliance kernel version
version get the library version number
vfs-label get the filesystem label
vfs-type get the Linux VFS type corresponding to a mounted device
vfs-uuid get the filesystem UUID
vg-activate activate or deactivate some volume groups
vg-activate-all activate or deactivate all volume groups
vgchange-uuid generate a new random UUID for a volume group
vgchange-uuid-all generate new random UUIDs for all volume groups
vgcreate create an LVM volume group
vglvuuids get the LV UUIDs of all LVs in the volume group
vgmeta get volume group metadata
vgpvuuids get the PV UUIDs containing the volume group
vgremove remove an LVM volume group
vgrename rename an LVM volume group
vgs list the LVM volume groups (VGs)
vgs-full list the LVM volume groups (VGs)
vgscan rescan for LVM physical volumes, volume groups and logical volumes
vguuid get the UUID of a volume group
wc-c count characters in a file
wc-l count lines in a file
wc-w count words in a file
wipefs wipe a filesystem signature from a device
write create a new file
write-append append content to end of file
write-file create a file
xfs-admin change parameters of an XFS filesystem
xfs-growfs expand an existing XFS filesystem
xfs-info get geometry of XFS filesystem
xfs-repair repair an XFS filesystem
zegrep return lines matching a pattern
zegrepi return lines matching a pattern
zero write zeroes to the device
zero-device write zeroes to an entire device
zero-free-space zero free space in a filesystem
zerofree zero unused inodes and disk blocks on ext2/3 filesystem
zfgrep return lines matching a pattern
zfgrepi return lines matching a pattern
zfile determine file type inside a compressed file
zgrep return lines matching a pattern
zgrepi return lines matching a pattern
Use -h / help to show detailed help for a command.
